The plant, especially the flowers, contains antioxidants and is edible. Īs an ornamental and medicinal plant, the wild pansy has been cultivated since the Middle Ages and bred in Britain since 1810. The flowers have also been used to make yellow, green and blue-green dyes, while the leaves can be used to indicate acidity. It is also a diuretic, leading to its traditional use for rheumatism and cystitis. tricolor has a long history of use in herbalism and folk medicine, both for epilepsy, skin diseases and eczema, and for respiratory problems such as bronchitis, asthma, and cold symptoms. Traditional uses Īs some of its names imply, V. In Iceland, Viola tricolor is known to be a host for at least two species of plant pathogenic fungi, Pleospora herbarum and Ramularia agrestis. It is also found on the banks and in the alluviums. It grows in open grasslands, wastelands, mainly on acidic or neutral soils. It is common almost everywhere on the Eurasian continent, near the sea or inland, at altitudes ranging from 0 to 2,700 metres (to 9,000'). The plants are hermaphrodite and self-fertile, pollinated by bees. It flowers from April to September (in the Northern Hemisphere). The tricolor shape, yellow, white and purple, is the most sought after. It can most often be two-tone, yellow and purple. This corolla can be purple, blue, yellow or white. The sepals are never larger than the corolla. They appear on aerial stems with more or less long internodes. The flowers are solitary and lateral, hoisted on long peduncles. These stipules are palm-lined or palmatised. The stipules are often quite developed, at least those of the upper leaves. They are stalked at limbus oval, oblong or lanceolate and more or less serrated margins. The plant has no leaf rosette at the base, unlike some other violets, such as Viola hirta. The stem (acoli stem: which remains flush with the soil and from which leave the leaves and the flowering stalk) is hairless, sometimes downy and is branched. Its root is of the rhizome type with fine rootlets. It grows in short grassland on farms and wasteland, chiefly on acid or neutral soils. Viola tricolor is a small plant of creeping and ramping habit, reaching at most 15 cm (6 ins) in height, with flowers about 1.5 centimetres (0.59 in) in diameter.
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